Pakistan is a country located in South Asia, bordered by India to the east, China and Afghanistan to the west, and Iran to the southwest. It has a population of over 220 million people, making it the world's fifth most populous country. The official language of Pakistan is Urdu, but English and various regional languages are also spoken.
Pakistan has a diverse mix of cultures, with influences from the ancient Indus Valley Civilization as well as from Islamic and South Asian traditions. The country is predominantly Muslim, with a small minority of Hindus and other religious groups.
Pakistan has a mixed economy, with a large agricultural sector and a growing industrial sector. The country is rich in natural resources, including oil, natural gas, and minerals. However, Pakistan has faced a number of economic challenges in recent years, including high inflation, a large trade deficit, and widespread poverty.
Political instability has also been a factor in Pakistan's history. The country has experienced periods of military rule and has faced challenges from terrorist groups operating within its borders. In recent years, Pakistan has made efforts to improve relations with its neighbors and to promote stability and economic development.